{"product_id":"natos-lessons-in-crisis-institutional-memory-in-international-organizations-9780190672188","title":"Nato's Lessons in Crisis: Institutional Memory in International Organizations","description":"In crisis management operations, strategic errors can cost lives. Some international organizations (IOs) learn from these failures whereas others tend to repeat them. Given that they have high rates of turnover, how is it possible that any IO retains knowledge about the past? This book introduces an argument for how and why IOs develop institutional memory from their efforts to manage crises. Findings indicate that the design of an IO's learning infrastructure (e.g. lessons learned offices and databases) can inadvertently disincentivize IO elites from using it to share knowledge about strategic errors. Elites - high-level officials in IOs - perceive reporting to be a risky endeavour. In response, they develop institutional memory by creating and using informal processes, including transnational interpersonal networks, private documentation and conversations during crisis management exercises. The result is an institutional memory that is highly dependent on only a handful of individuals. The book draws on the author's interviews and a survey experiment with 120 NATO elites across four countries. Cases of NATO crisis management in Afghanistan, Libya and Ukraine further illustrate the development of institutional memory. Findings challenge existing research on organizational learning by suggesting that formal learning processes alone are insufficient for ensuring that learning happens. The book also offers recommendations to policymakers for strengthening the learning capacity of IOs.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAuthor:\u003c\/b\u003e Heidi Hardt\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublisher:\u003c\/b\u003e Oxford University Press\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublished:\u003c\/b\u003e 05\/02\/2018\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePages:\u003c\/b\u003e 296\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eBinding Type:\u003c\/b\u003e Paperback\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eWeight:\u003c\/b\u003e 0.92lbs\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eSize:\u003c\/b\u003e 9.10h x 6.10w x 0.90d\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN:\u003c\/b\u003e 9780190672188\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAbout the Author\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHeidi Hardt \u003c\/strong\u003eis an Assistant Professor of Political Science at the University of California, Irvine. Her research explains how and why international organizations perform in the ways that they do, particularly in the area of international conflict management. She is the author of \u003cem\u003eTime to React: The Efficiency of International Organizations in Crisis Response\u003c\/em\u003e (Oxford University Press, 2014). Her research has also been published in edited volumes and in journals, including \u003cem\u003eReview of International Organizations\u003c\/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eGlobal Governance\u003c\/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eEuropean Security\u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eAfrican Security\u003c\/em\u003e.\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Oxford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Paperback","offer_id":45501062283379,"sku":"9780190672188","price":89.95,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0555\/9255\/0515\/files\/img_3b1e22d7-ed1c-4b1d-af27-ad633b80f865.jpg?v=1789491103","url":"https:\/\/bookstorenmore.com\/en-de\/products\/natos-lessons-in-crisis-institutional-memory-in-international-organizations-9780190672188","provider":"Bookstore N More","version":"1.0","type":"link"}