{"product_id":"peaceable-kingdom-lost-the-paxton-boys-and-the-destruction-of-william-penns-holy-experiment-9780199753949","title":"Peaceable Kingdom Lost: The Paxton Boys and the Destruction of William Penn's Holy Experiment","description":"William Penn established Pennsylvania in 1682 as a holy experiment in which Europeans and Indians could live together in harmony. In this book, historian Kevin Kenny explains how this Peaceable Kingdom--benevolent, Quaker, pacifist--gradually disintegrated in the eighteenth century, with\u003cbr\u003edisastrous consequences for Native Americans. \u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003eKenny recounts how rapacious frontier settlers, most of them of Ulster extraction, began to encroach on Indian land as squatters, while William Penn's sons cast off their father's Quaker heritage and turned instead to fraud, intimidation, and eventually violence during the French and Indian War. In\u003cbr\u003e1763, a group of frontier settlers known as the Paxton Boys exterminated the last twenty Conestogas, descendants of Indians who had lived peacefully since the 1690s on land donated by William Penn near Lancaster. Invoking the principle of right of conquest, the Paxton Boys claimed after the\u003cbr\u003emassacres that the Conestogas' land was rightfully theirs. They set out for Philadelphia, threatening to sack the city unless their grievances were met. A delegation led by Benjamin Franklin met them and what followed was a war of words, with Quakers doing battle against Anglican and Presbyterian\u003cbr\u003echampions of the Paxton Boys. The killers were never prosecuted and the Pennsylvania frontier descended into anarchy in the late 1760s, with Indians the principal victims. The new order heralded by the Conestoga massacres was consummated during the American Revolution with the destruction of the\u003cbr\u003eIroquois confederacy. At the end of the Revolutionary War, the United States confiscated the lands of Britain's Indian allies, basing its claim on the principle of right of conquest. \u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003eBased on extensive research in eighteenth-century primary sources, this engaging history offers an eye-opening look at how colonists--at first, the backwoods Paxton Boys but later the U.S. government--expropriated Native American lands, ending forever the dream of colonists and Indians living\u003cbr\u003etogether in peace.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAuthor:\u003c\/b\u003e Kevin Kenny\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublisher:\u003c\/b\u003e Oxford University Press, USA\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublished:\u003c\/b\u003e 05\/13\/2011\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePages:\u003c\/b\u003e 304\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eBinding Type:\u003c\/b\u003e Paperback\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eWeight:\u003c\/b\u003e 0.95lbs\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eSize:\u003c\/b\u003e 9.21h x 6.14w x 0.64d\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN:\u003c\/b\u003e 9780199753949\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAbout the Author\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKevin Kenny\u003c\/strong\u003e is Professor of History at Boston College where he specializes in eighteenth and nineteenth-century Atlantic migration. He is author of \u003cem\u003eMaking Sense of the Molly Maguires\u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eThe American Irish: A History\u003c\/em\u003e, and editor of \u003cem\u003eIreland and the British Empire\u003c\/em\u003e.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eThis title is not returnable\u003c\/i\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Oxford University Press, USA","offers":[{"title":"Paperback","offer_id":39937648623731,"sku":"9.7802E+12","price":39.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0555\/9255\/0515\/products\/img_90bfacb4-d496-49e5-841e-4a28611c4caa.jpg?v=1647994914","url":"https:\/\/bookstorenmore.com\/products\/peaceable-kingdom-lost-the-paxton-boys-and-the-destruction-of-william-penns-holy-experiment-9780199753949","provider":"Bookstore N More","version":"1.0","type":"link"}